Yini Odinga Ukukwazi Ngezinhlelo Zokusebenza?
Okuqukethwe
Masithathe iminithi ukukusiza uqonde kangcono isistimu yakho yokusebenza.
Uhlelo lokusebenza luwuhlelo olubaluleke kakhulu olusebenza kukhompyutha yakho.
Isebenza njengesisekelo sokuthi konke okunye kusebenza kanjani.
Iyini isistimu yokusebenza?
Isistimu yokusebenza (OS) wuhlelo oluyinhloko kukhompuyutha.
Lenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise
Ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze isofthiwe ungafaka
Ukuxhumanisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza kukhompuyutha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zehadiwe ngayinye, njengamaphrinta, amakhibhodi, namadrayivu ediski, zonke zixhumana kahle
Ukuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nama-word processors, amaklayenti e-imeyili, neziphequluli zewebhu ukwenza imisebenzi kusistimu efana nokudweba amawindi esikrinini, ukuvula amafayela, ukuxhumana kunethiwekhi nokusebenzisa ezinye izinsiza zesistimu njengamaphrinta, namadrayivu ediski.
Ukubika imilayezo yephutha
I-OS futhi inquma ukuthi ubona kanjani Imininingwane nokwenza imisebenzi.
Amasistimu amaningi okusebenza asebenzisa i-graphical interface yomsebenzisi noma i-GUI, eyethula ulwazi ngezithombe ezihlanganisa izithonjana, izinkinobho, namabhokisi ezingxoxo kanye namagama.
Amanye amasistimu wokusebenza angathembela kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kombhalo kunamanye.
Ukhetha kanjani isistimu yokusebenza?
Ngamagama alula kakhulu, lapho ukhetha ukuthenga ikhompuyutha, uvame ukukhetha nesistimu yokusebenza.
Nakuba ungase uyishintshe, abathengisi ngokuvamile bathumela amakhompyutha anesistimu ethile yokusebenza.
Kunamasistimu wokusebenza amaningi, ngalinye linezici nezinzuzo ezihlukene, kodwa lezi ezintathu ezilandelayo yizona ezivame kakhulu:
Windows
Windows, enezinguqulo ezihlanganisa i-Windows XP, i-Windows Vista, ne-Windows 7, isistimu yokusebenza evame kakhulu kubasebenzisi basekhaya.
Ikhiqizwa yi-Microsoft futhi ngokuvamile ifakwa emishinini ethengwa ezitolo zikagesi noma kubathengisi abafana noDell noma i-Gateway.
I-Windows OS isebenzisa i-GUI, abasebenzisi abaningi abayithola ithandeka kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa kune-interfaces esekelwe emibhalweni.
I-Mac OS X
Ikhiqizwe i-Apple, i-Mac OS X iyisistimu yokusebenza esetshenziswa kumakhompyutha we-Macintosh.
Yize isebenzisa i-GUI ehlukile, ifana ngokwengqondo ne-Windows interface ngendlela esebenza ngayo.
I-Linux namanye amasistimu wokusebenza asuselwa ku-UNIX
I-Linux nezinye izinhlelo ezithathwe ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-UNIX zivame ukusetshenziselwa izindawo zokusebenza ezikhethekile namaseva, njengewebhu namaseva e-imeyili.
Ngenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile zinzima kakhulu kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile noma zidinga ulwazi olukhethekile namakhono ukuze zisebenze, azidumile kangako kubasebenzisi basekhaya kunezinye izinketho.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba eqhubeka nokuthuthuka futhi kuba lula ukuwasebenzisa, angase adume kakhulu kumasistimu avamile wabasebenzisi basekhaya.
Amasistimu Okusebenza vs. I-Firmware
An isistimu esebenzayo (OS) isofthiwe yesistimu ebaluleke kakhulu ephatha izinsiza zesofthiwe, ihadiwe, futhi inikeze izinsizakalo ezijwayelekile ezinhlelweni zekhompyutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilawula izinqubo nenkumbulo yekhompyutha, kanye nokuxhumana nekhompyutha ngaphandle kokwazi ukukhuluma ulimi lomshini. Ngaphandle kwe-OS, ikhompuyutha nanoma iyiphi idivayisi kagesi ayinamsebenzi.
I-OS yekhompuyutha yakho ilawula zonke izinsiza zehadiwe nesofthiwe kukhompyutha. Isikhathi esiningi kunezinhlelo eziningi zekhompiyutha ezisebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi zonke zidinga ukufinyelela kuyunithi yokucubungula emaphakathi (CPU), ukugcinwa, kanye nenkumbulo yekhompyutha yakho. I-OS ixhumana nakho konke lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insiza ngayinye ithola lokho ekudingayo.
Nakuba igama lingadumile njengezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha noma isofthiwe, i-firmware ikhona yonke indawo—kumadivayisi akho eselula, i-motherboard yekhompyutha yakho, kanye nesilawuli kude sakho se-TV. Iwuhlobo olukhethekile lwesoftware olusebenza inhloso ehluke kakhulu kucezu lwehadiwe. Nakuba kujwayelekile ukuthi ufake futhi ukhiphe isofthiwe ku-PC noma i-smartphone yakho, ungase ungavamile ukubuyekeza i-firmware kudivayisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzokwenza kuphela uma ucelwa umenzi ukuthi alungise inkinga.
Iluphi uhlobo lwamadivayisi kagesi anezinhlelo zokusebenza?
Abantu abaningi basebenzisa izinto zikagesi, okuhlanganisa ama-smartphone, amakhompyutha, ama-laptops, noma ezinye izinto eziphathwa ngesandla, njalo. Futhi iningi lala madivayisi lisebenza ku-OS. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abantu abawaziyo amandla e-OS nokuthi kungani iza ifakwe kuqala kumadivayisi amaningi.
Ngenkathi uzothola amakhompyutha aphathekayo amaningi nama-PC asebenza ku-Windows, Linux, noma i-macOS, ama-smartphones amaningi namanye amadivayisi eselula asebenza ku-Android noma ku-iOS. Noma iningi le-OS lihluka kakhulu, amakhono nesakhiwo kufana kakhulu ngokomgomo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ungamane usebenzise izinto zikagesi ezivamile ezifana nama-smartphone noma amakhompyutha. Amadivayisi amaningi ayinkimbinkimbi azosebenzisa i-OS ngemuva.
Kuze kube ngu-2019, i-iPad iza ne-iOS yokuphathelene. Manje, ine-OS yayo ebizwa nge-iPadOS. Noma kunjalo, i-iPod Touch isasebenza ku-iOS.
Iluphi Uhlelo Lokusebenza Oluvikeleke Kakhulu?
Uma kubhekwa ukuthi ayikho ipharamitha yezinga eliphezulu noma inhlanganisela iyonke yobuchwepheshe enquma i- isistimu esebenzayo “njengokuvikeleke kakhulu” kunabanye, iyiphi indlela engcono yokuphendula lo mbuzo?
Kungakhathaleki ukuthi abanye abakhiqizi be-OS bathini, ukuphepha akuyona ipharamitha ongayisungula ku-OS. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuphepha akulona ibhizinisi ongakwazi “ukwengeza” noma “ukulisusa”. Nakuba izici ezinjengokuvikela isistimu, ukusayinda ikhodi, kanye ne-sandboxing zonke ziyingxenye yokuphepha okuhle, ukuphepha kwebhizinisi kuwuhlelo noma isethi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuba ku-DNA yenhlangano yakho.
Kusukela manje, i-OpenBSD iyona ephephe kakhulu isistimu esebenzayo etholakala emakethe. Ingenye ye-OS enjalo evala konke ubungozi bokuphepha obungaba khona, kunokushiya ukuphepha okunezikhala ukukhubazeka ivuleke kakhulu. Manje, kuya ngokuthi umsebenzisi azikhethele ukuthi yiziphi izici azozivula. Lokhu akutsheli kuphela abasebenzisi ukuthi bangaba sengozini kuphi kodwa futhi kubabonisa ukuthi bavula futhi bavale kanjani ubungozi obuhlukahlukene.
Uma ungumuntu othanda ukudlala naye izinhlelo zokusebenza, i-OpenBSD iyi-OS ekahle kuwe. Uma ungayisebenzisi njalo ikhompuyutha, uzoba ngcono ngeWindows noma i-iOS efakwe ngaphambili.
