I-White House Izinkinga Isexwayiso Mayelana Nokuhlaselwa Kwe-Cyber Kuqondiswe Amasistimu Amanzi Ase-US
Encwadini ekhishwe yi-White House ngomhlaka-18 kuNdasa, i-Environmental Protection Agency kanye noMeluleki Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke baxwayise ababusi bezifundazwe zase-US mayelana. ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber “ezinamandla okuphazamisa indlela ebalulekile yokuphila yamanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile naphephile, kanye nokubeka izindleko ezinkulu emiphakathini ethintekile.” Lokhu kuhlasela, lapho abadlali abanonya bekhomba khona izikhungo zokusebenza kanye nezinhlelo ezibucayi, kuthinte amadolobha amaningana kulo lonke elase-United States. Ukubhekana nokuphulwa kwemithetho ezindaweni ezithintekile, izinyathelo zisetshenziswe ngokushesha, kuhlanganise nokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabathengi. Ngenhlanhla, awukho umonakalo obikiwe kuze kube manje.
Kube nezigameko ezimbalwa zokuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi okuqondiswe kumasistimu amanzi. Isibonelo, ngoFebhuwari 2021, isigebengu sazama ukufaka ushevu emanzini ase-Oldsmar, eFlorida, ngokuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe ohlelweni lokuhlanza amanzi lwedolobha ngesofthiwe engasebenzi. Futhi, ngo-2019, idolobha laseNew Orleans lamemezela isimo esiphuthumayo kulandela ukuhlasela kwe-cyber ohlelweni lwalo lwamakhompiyutha, okuphinde kwathinta izinhlelo zokukhokhisa kanye nezinsizakalo zamakhasimende zeBhodi LezokuThutha kanye Namanzi.
Lapho izingqalasizinda ezibalulekile njengezinhlelo zamanzi zihlaselwa, eziningana Ukuphepha kwe-cyber ukukhathazeka kuvela. Okukodwa okukhulu okukhathazayo ukuthi kungenzeka abagebengu baphazamise noma bakhubaze ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuhlanza nokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi, okuholela ekungcolisweni kwamanzi noma ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa okunwetshiwe. Okunye okukhathazayo ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kokuzwela Imininingwane noma izinhlelo zokulawula, ezingase zisetshenziselwe ukuphatha ikhwalithi noma ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi. Ukwengeza, kunobungozi bokuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware, lapho izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingabethela amasistimu abalulekile futhi zifune inkokhelo ukuze zikhishwe. Sekukonke, ukukhathazeka nge-cybersecurity okuhlobene nokuhlaselwa kwezinhlelo zamanzi kubalulekile futhi kudinga izinyathelo zokuvikela eziqinile ukuze kuvikelwe lezi ngqalasizinda ezibalulekile.
Lezi zikhungo ziyizinhloso ezikhangayo zokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi ngoba, ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwazo, ngokuvamile azinazo izinsiza futhi azikwazi ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zakamuva zokuphepha. Obunye bobuthakathaka obaluliwe ohlelweni kwakungamagama ayimfihlo abuthakathaka anezinhlamvu ezingaphansi kweziyisi-8. Ukwengeza, iningi labasebenzi kulezi zikhungo baneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50 futhi abanalwazi olutheni ngezinkinga zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ezibhekene nezikhungo zomphakathi. Kunenkinga ye-bureaucracy, edinga amaphepha amaningi kanye nezinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuthola imvume yezinguquko ezilula ezinhlelweni ezikhona.
Ukuze kubhekwane nokukhathazeka nge-cybersecurity ezinhlelweni zamanzi, izindlela zokulungisa zihlanganisa ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo eziqinile zamaphasiwedi ezinokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqeqeshwa kwe-cybersecurity kubasebenzi, ukuvuselela kanye nezinhlelo zokuchibiyela, kusetshenziswa ukuhlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi ukuhlukanisa amasistimu abalulekile, ukuthunyelwa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kutholakale usongo ngesikhathi sangempela. , ukusungula izinhlelo ezinemininingwane yokuphendula isigameko, kanye nokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuvamile nokuhlola ukungena ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi. Lezi zinyathelo zihlangene zithuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwezindawo zokuhlanza nokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi, zinciphisa ubungozi obuhlobene nokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kuyilapho kukhuthazwa izinyathelo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kanye nokulungela.
