WHOIS vs RDAP
Yini i-WHOIS?
Iningi labanikazi bamawebhusayithi bafaka izindlela zokuxhumana nabo kuwebhusayithi yabo. Kungaba i-imeyili, ikheli, noma inombolo yocingo. Nokho, abaningi abakwenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinsiza ze-inthanethi ezingamawebhusayithi. Umuntu ngokuvamile uzodinga ukwenza umsebenzi owengeziwe esebenzisa Amathuluzi njenge-myip.ms noma i-who.is ukuthola ulwazi lokubhalisa kulezi zinsiza. Lawa mawebhusayithi asebenzisa iphrothokholi ebizwa nge-WHOIS.
I-WHOIS ibilokhu ikhona isikhathi eside njengoba i-inthanethi ikhona, emuva lapho yaziwa ngokuthi i-ARPANet. Yenzelwe ukubuyiswa Imininingwane mayelana nabantu nezinhlangano ku-ARPANET. I-WHOIS manje isisetshenziselwa ukubuyisa ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ezibanzi zezinsiza ze-inthanethi futhi isetshenziselwe ukwenza kanjalo eminyakeni engamashumi amane edlule.
Nakuba umthetho olandelwayo we-WHOIS wamanje, owaziwa nangokuthi i-Port 43 WHOIS, wenze kahle kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, uphinde waba nokushiyeka okuningana okwakudinga ukulungiswa. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, Inhlangano Ye-inthanethi Yamagama Nezinombolo Ezinikeziwe, i-ICANN, ibone lokhu kushiyeka futhi yahlonza okulandelayo njengezinkinga ezinkulu zephrothokholi ye-WHOIS:
- Ukungakwazi ukuqinisekisa abasebenzisi
- Bheka amakhono kuphela, akukho usekelo lokusesha
- Akukho ukwesekwa kwamazwe ngamazwe
- Ayikho ifomethi yombuzo nempendulo ejwayelekile
- Ayikho indlela emisiwe yokwazi ukuthi iyiphi iseva okufanele ibuze
- Ukungakwazi ukuqinisekisa iseva noma ukubethela idatha phakathi kweklayenti neseva.
- Ukuntuleka kokuqondisa kabusha okujwayelekile noma ireferensi.
Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga, i-IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) idale i-RDAP.
Iyini i-RDAP?
I-RDAP(I-Registry Data Access Protocol) iyiphrothokholi yombuzo nezimpendulo esetshenziselwa ukubuyisa idatha yokubhaliswa kwensiza ye-inthanethi ku-Domain Name Registries kanye ne-Regional Internet Registries. I-IETF iyiklame ukuze ixazulule zonke izinkinga ezikhona kuphrothokholi ye-Port 43 WHOIS.
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-RDAP kanye ne-Port 43 WHOIS ukuhlinzekwa kombuzo ohlelekile futhi ojwayelekile kanye nefomethi yempendulo. Izimpendulo ze-RDA zingenile I-JSON, ifomethi yokudlulisa idatha ehlelekile neyokugcina eyaziwayo. Lokhu akufani nephrothokholi ye-WHOIS, izimpendulo zayo zingefomethi yombhalo.
Yize i-JSON ingafundeki njengombhalo, kulula ukukuhlanganisa kwezinye izinsiza, okuyenza ibe lula kune-WHOIS. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-RDAP ingasetshenziswa kalula kuwebhusayithi noma njengethuluzi lomugqa womyalo.
I-API Promotion:
Umehluko Phakathi kwe-RDAP kanye ne-WHOIS
Ngezansi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwephrothokholi ye-RDA ne-WHOIS:
Umbuzo Nempendulo Ejwayelekile: I-RDAP iyiphrothokholi e-RESTful evumela izicelo ze-HTTP. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuletha izimpendulo ezihlanganisa amakhodi amaphutha, ukuhlonza umsebenzisi, ukufakazela ubuqiniso, nokulawula ukufinyelela. Iphinde ilethe impendulo yayo ku-JSON, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili.
Ukufinyelela Okuhlukile Kudatha Yokubhalisa: Ngenxa yokuthi i-RRAP I-RESTful, ingasetshenziswa ukucacisa amaleveli okufinyelela ahlukene kubasebenzisi. Isibonelo, abasebenzisi abangaziwa banganikezwa ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe, kuyilapho abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe banikezwa ukufinyelela okugcwele.
Ukusekela Ukusetshenziswa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe: Izithameli zamazwe ngamazwe azizange zicatshangelwe ngenkathi kwakhiwa i-WHOIS. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaseva amaningi we-WHOIS namakhasimende asebenzisa i-US-ASCII futhi awazange acabangele ukusekelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kuze kube kamuva. Kukuklayenti lesicelo elisebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-WHOIS ukwenza noma yikuphi ukuhumusha. I-RDAP, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inokusekelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe okwakhelwe kuyo.
Ukusekelwa kwe-Bootstrap: I-RDAP isekela i-bootstrapping, evumela imibuzo ukuthi iqondiswe kabusha kuseva egunyaziwe uma idatha efanele ingatholakali kuseva yokuqala ebuziwe. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi kusesho olubanzi lwenziwe. Amasistimu e-WHOIS awanalo ulwazi oluxhunywe ngale ndlela, okukhawulela inani ledatha elibuyiswayo embuzweni.
Nakuba i-RDAP yayiklanyelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga nge-WHOIS(futhi mhlawumbe esikhundleni sayo ngolunye usuku), Inhlangano Ye-inthanethi Yamagama Nezinombolo Ezinikeziwe idinga kuphela ababhalisi be-gTLD namarejistra agunyaziwe ukuthi asebenzise i-RDAP kanye ne-WHOIS futhi angayishintshi ngokuphelele.
