Umhlahlandlela we-JSON Schema
Ngaphambi kokuthi siye ku-JSON Schema, kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwe-JSON ne-JSON Schema.
I-JSON
I-JSON imfushane ku-JavaScript Object Notation, futhi iyifomethi yedatha ezimele yolimi esetshenziswa ama-API ukuthumela izicelo nezimpendulo. I-JSON ilula ukufunda nokubhalela abantu nemishini ngokufanayo. I-JSON ifomethi esekelwe embhalweni engaboshelwe olimini (Ulimi oluzimele).
I-JSON Schema
I-JSON Schema iyithuluzi eliwusizo lokuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwedatha ye-JSON. Ukuze ucacise isakhiwo se-JSON, sebenzisa ifomethi esekelwe ku-JSON. Inhloso yayo iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ye-JSON iyamukeleka. Umhlangano wedatha ye-JSON yohlelo lwethu lokusebenza ungachazwa kusetshenziswa i-schema.
Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ekucacisweni kwe-JSON Schema:
I-JSON Hyper-Schema:
I-JSON Hyper-Schema iwulimi lwe-JSON Schema olungase lusetshenziselwe ukufaka ilebula kumadokhumenti e-JSON anezixhumanisi nemiyalo yokucubungula nokushintsha izinsiza ze-JSON zangaphandle ngombhalo – izindawo ezisekelwe njenge-HTTP. Chofoza lapha ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-JSON Hyper-Schema.
I-JSON Schema Core:
Kuyisethi yemithetho yokulebula nokuqinisekisa amadokhumenti e-JSON.
I-JSON Schema Core:
- Ichaza ifomethi yedatha onayo njengamanje.
- Iqinisekisa idatha engasetshenziswa ekuhloleni okuzenzakalelayo.
- Ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwedatha enikezwe amaklayenti.
- Ihlinzeka ngemibhalo efundekayo kubo bobabili abantu nemishini.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-JSON Schema:
Ukuqinisekisa okusekelwe ku-JSON Schema kubeka imikhawulo esakhiweni sedatha yesibonelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, noma yimaphi amagama angukhiye anokungagomeli Imininingwane, njengemethadatha echazayo nezinkomba zokusetshenziswa, zengezwa endaweni yesibonelo ehlangabezana nazo zonke izithiyo ezishiwo.
Ithuluzi le-Newtonsoft's JSON Schema Validator iyithuluzi ongalisebenzisa ngokuqondile esipheqululini sakho, mahhala. Ungasebenzisa leli thuluzi ukuhlola ukwakheka kwe-schema sakho se-JSON. Leli khasi liqukethe izilawuli nezincazelo ukuze uqalise. Ngaleyo ndlela, kulula ukubona ukuthi ungasithuthukisa kanjani isakhiwo sakho se-JSON.
Singabheka Into yethu ye-JSON sisebenzisa Ithuluzi Lokuqinisekisa I-JSON Schema:
Sinokuqinisekiswa kweminyaka yobudala (ubuncane = 20 kanye nobukhulu = 40) njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla. Awekho amaphutha atholakele.
Ibonise iphutha uma ukuqinisekiswa kweminyaka kufakwe ngokungalungile.
Ukudalwa Kwe-JSON Schema
Ake sibheke isibonelo se-JSON Schema ukuze sibone ukuthi sikhuluma ngani. Into eyisisekelo ye-JSON echaza ikhathalogi yomkhiqizo imi kanje:
I-JSON Schema yayo ingase ibhalwe kanje:
I-JSON Schema idokhumenti ye-JSON, futhi leyo dokhumenti KUFANELE ibe into. Amagama angukhiye angamalungu/izibaluli zento ecaciswe i-JSON Schema. “Amagama angukhiye” ku-JSON Schema abhekisela engxenyeni “yokhiye” yenhlanganisela yokhiye/inani entweni. Ukubhala i-JSON Schema kuhlanganisa ukwenza imephu “igama elingukhiye” elithile libe inani elingaphakathi kwento ingxenye enkulu.
Ake sibhekisise amagama angukhiye esiwasebenzise esibonelweni sethu:
I-schema se-JSON esithobela i-schema sesisetshenziswa sibhalwa phansi yilesi sibaluli. Lesi schema sibhalwe ngokulandela okusalungiswa okujwayelekile kwe-v4, njengoba kucaciswe “$ schema” igama elingukhiye. Lokhu kuvimbela i-schema sakho ukuthi singabuyeli enguqulweni yamanje, okungenzeka ihambisane noma ingahambisani nendala.
I "isihloko"Futhi"incazelo” amagama angukhiye ayincazelo nje; abafaki noma yimiphi imikhawulo kudatha ehlolwayo. Lawa magama angukhiye amabili achaza inhloso ye-schema: ichaza umkhiqizo.
I "uhlobo” igama elingukhiye lichaza isimo somngcele wokuqala wedatha ye-JSON; kufanele kube Into ye-JSON. Uma singasethi uhlobo lwawo wonke ama-schema, ikhodi ngeke isebenze. Ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile “ziyinombolo” “Boolean” “inamba” “null” “object” “array” “string”.
I-JSON Schema isekelwa imitapo yolwazi elandelayo:
Ulimi | Library |
C | I-WJElement |
Python | jschon |
PHP | Opis Json Schema |
i-JavaScript | ajv |
Go | gojsonschema |
Kotlin | I-Medeia-validator |
Ruby | I-JSONSchemer |
I-JSON (Syntax)
Ake sibheke kafushane i-syntax eyisisekelo ye-JSON. I-syntax ye-JSON iyisethi engaphansi ye-JavaScript syntax ehlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
- Kusetshenziswa amapheya egama/inani amelela idatha.
- Izinto zibanjwe ngezikaki ezigoqekile, futhi igama ngalinye liholwa ngokuthi ':' (ikholoni), ngamapheya enani ahlukaniswe ngokuthi “,” (ukhefana).
- Amanani ahlukaniswa ngokuthi “,” (ukhefana) futhi amalungu afanayo aphethwe kubakaki abayisikwele.
Izakhiwo zedatha ezimbili ezilandelayo zisekelwa yi-JSON:
- Uhlu olu-odwe lwamanani: Kungaba uhlu, uhlu, noma i-vector.
- Ukuqoqwa kwamapheya egama/inani: Izilimi ezahlukene zekhompyutha zisekela lesi Sakhiwo Sedatha.
I-JSON (Into)
I-schema ye-JSON into ye-JSON eveza uhlobo nesakhiwo sento ehlukile ye-JSON. Isisho sento ye-JavaScript singamela into ye-JSON ezindaweni zesikhathi sokusebenza se-JavaScript. Ezinye izibonelo zezinto ezisebenzayo ze-schema zimi kanje:
I-Schema | Ukufana |
{} | noma yiliphi inani |
{uhlobo: 'into'} | into ye-JavaScript |
{uhlobo: 'inombolo'} | inombolo ye-JavaScript |
{uhlobo: 'string'} | iyunithi yezinhlamvu ye-JavaScript |
Isib:
Ukwenza into entsha engenalutho:
var JSON_Obj = {};
Ukudalwa Kwento Entsha:
var JSON_Obj = into entsha()
I-JSON (Ukuqhathanisa ne-XML)
I-JSON ne-XML zingamafomethi angafundeki umuntu azimele ngolimi. Ezimeni zomhlaba wangempela, zingadala zombili, zifunde, futhi zihlukanise. Ngokusekelwe kumibandela elandelayo, singase siqhathanise i-JSON ne-XML.
kushuba
Ngenxa yokuthi i-XML iyinkimbinkimbi kune-JSON, abahleli bakhetha i-JSON.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Arrays
I-XML isetshenziselwa ukuveza idatha ehlelekile; Nokho, i-XML ayisekeli ama-arrays, kodwa i-JSON iyakusekela.
Ukuhlwaya
I-JSON itolikwa kusetshenziswa umsebenzi wokulinganisa we-JavaScript. I-eval ibuyisela into echaziwe lapho isetshenziswa ne-JSON.
Isibonelo:
I-JSON | XML |
{ "Inkampani": Ferrari, "igama": "GTS", "Intengo": 404000 } |
Ferrari
I-GTS
404000
|
Izinzuzo ze-JSON Schema
I-JSON yakhelwe ukuphambuka ngolimi olufundeka umuntu kanye nomshini. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuthile, kungase kube okufanayo. I-JSON Schema inenzuzo yokwenza i-JSON iqondeke kakhudlwana emishinini nakubantu.
Ukusebenzisa i-JSON Schema futhi kususa isidingo sezibuyekezo ezimbalwa zohlangothi lweklayenti. Ukwenza uhlu lwamakhodi ajwayelekile e-HTML bese uwasebenzisa ohlangothini lweklayenti kuyindlela evamile kodwa enganembile yokwakha uhlangothi lweklayenti. API izinhlelo zokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, leli akulona isu elikhulu kunawo wonke ngoba izinguquko ohlangothini lweseva zingase zidale ukuthi ukusebenza okuthile kungasebenzi kahle.
Inzuzo enkulu ye-JSON Schema ukuhambisana kwayo nezilimi ezihlukahlukene zokuhlela, kanye nokunemba nokuvumelana kokuqinisekisa.
I-JSON schema isekela izinhlobonhlobo zeziphequluli kanye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngakho-ke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibhalwe nge-JSON azithathi mzamo omkhulu ukuzenza zihambisane nesiphequluli. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, onjiniyela bacabangela iziphequluli ezimbalwa, nakuba i-JSON isivele inawo amandla.
I-JSON iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwabelana ngedatha yanoma yimuphi usayizi, okuhlanganisa umsindo, ividiyo, nenye imidiya. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-JSON igcina idatha ngezinhlu, okwenza ukudluliswa kwedatha kube lula. Njengomphumela, i-JSON iyifomethi yefayela engcono kakhulu yama-API aku-inthanethi nokuthuthukiswa.
Njengoba ama-API ekhula ngokujwayelekile, kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi ukuqinisekiswa kwe-API nokuhlola kuzobaluleke kakhulu. Kunengqondo futhi ukulindela ukuthi i-JSON cishe ngeke ibe lula kakhulu njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuba ne-schema sedatha yakho kuzokhula ngokubaluleke kakhulu njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka. Ngenxa yokuthi i-JSON iyifomethi yefayela evamile yokusebenza ngama-API, i-JSON Schema ithatha indawo enhle yalabo abasebenza ngama-API.
