Ukuzuza Ukuthobelana kwe-NIST Emafu: Amaqhinga Nokucatshangelwa
Ukuzulazula ku-maze ebonakalayo yokuhambisana endaweni yedijithali kuyinselelo yangempela izinhlangano zesimanje ezibhekana nazo, ikakhulukazi mayelana I-National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework.
Lo mhlahlandlela oyisingeniso uzokusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda okungcono kwe-NIST Ukuphepha kwe-Cybersecurity Uhlaka nokuthi ungafinyelela kanjani ukuthobela i-NIST emafini. Asigxumele phakathi.
Iyini i-NIST Cybersecurity Framework?
I-NIST Cybersecurity Framework ihlinzeka ngohlaka lwezinhlangano ukuthi zithuthukise futhi zithuthukise izinhlelo zazo zokulawula ubungozi be-cybersecurity. Ihloselwe ukuguquguquka, ehlanganisa inhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza nezindlela zokuphendula ngezidingo zenhlangano ngayinye ezihlukile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Uhlaka lwakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu - i-Core, i-Implementation Tiers, kanye namaphrofayili. Nakhu ukubuka konke kwakho ngakunye:
I-Framework Core
I-Framework Core ihlanganisa Imisebenzi emihlanu eyinhloko yokuhlinzeka ngesakhiwo esisebenzayo sokulawula ubungozi be-cybersecurity:
- Khomba: Kubandakanya ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuphoqelela a inqubomgomo ye-cybersecurity eveza ubungozi benhlangano yokuphepha ku-inthanethi, amasu okuvimbela nokuphatha ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi, kanye neqhaza nezibopho zabantu abanokufinyelela kudatha ebucayi yenhlangano.
- Vikela: Kubandakanya ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa njalo uhlelo lokuvikela oluphelele ukuze kwehliswe ingcuphe yokuhlaselwa kwe-cybersecurity. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ukuqeqeshwa kwe-cybersecurity, izilawuli eziqinile zokufinyelela, ukubethela, ukuhlolwa kokungena, kanye nokubuyekeza isofthiwe.
- Thola: Kubandakanya ukuthuthukisa nokwenza njalo imisebenzi efanele ukuze kubonwe ukuhlasela kwe-cybersecurity ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Phendula: Kubandakanya ukwakha uhlelo olubanzi oluchaza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe uma kwenzeka kuba nokuhlasela kwe-cybersecurity.
- Buyisela: Kubandakanya ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa imisebenzi efanele ukuze kubuyiselwe lokho okwathintwa isigameko, ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zokuphepha, nokuqhubeka nokuvikela ekuhlaselweni kwe-cybersecurity.
Ngaphakathi kwaleyo misebenzi kukhona Izigaba ezicacisa imisebenzi yokuphepha ku-inthanethi, Izigaba ezingezansi ezihlukanisa imisebenzi ibe yimiphumela enembile, kanye Nezikhombo Ezifundisayo ezinikeza izibonelo ezingokoqobo zeSigatshana ngasinye.
Izigaba Zokusebenza Kohlaka
Izigaba Zokusebenza Kohlaka zikhombisa indlela inhlangano ebuka futhi ilawule ngayo ubungozi bokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Kunezigaba ezine:
- Isigaba 1: Ingxenye: Ukuqwashisa okuncane nokusebenzisa ukuphathwa kwengozi ye-cybersecurity ngakunye.
- Isigaba 2: Ulwazi ngobungozi: Ukuqwashisa ngengozi ye-Cybersecurity kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha zikhona kodwa azimisiwe.
- Isigaba 3: Iyaphinda: Izinqubomgomo ezisemthethweni zokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele zenkampani yonke futhi zivame ukuzibuyekeza ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni zezidingo zebhizinisi kanye nesimo sosongo.
- Isigaba 4: I-Adaptive: Ithola ngokuqhubekayo futhi ibikezele izinsongo futhi ithuthukise izinqubo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ngokusekelwe emisebenzini yenhlangano yakudala neyamanje kanye nokuvela kwezinsongo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi, ubuchwepheshe, nezinqubo.
Iphrofayela Yohlaka
Iphrofayela Yohlaka iveza uhlaka lwenhlangano ewumgogodla wokuqondanisa nezinjongo zayo zebhizinisi, ukubekezelela ubungozi be-cybersecurity, kanye nezinsiza. Amaphrofayili angasetshenziswa ukuchaza isimo samanje nesiqondisiwe sokuphathwa kwe-cybersecurity.
Iphrofayela Yamanje ibonisa indlela inhlangano okwamanje esingatha ngayo ubungozi be-cybersecurity, kuyilapho Iphrofayela Eqondisiwe yemiphumela inhlangano edinga ukufeza izinjongo zokulawula ukuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Ukuthobelana kwe-NIST ku-Cloud vs. On-Premise Systems
Ngenkathi i-NIST Cybersecurity Framework ingasetshenziswa kubo bonke ubuchwepheshe, ngamafu ihlukile. Ake sihlole izizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani ukuthobela kwe-NIST emafini kuhluke kungqalasizinda evamile yasendaweni:
Isibopho Sokuphepha
Ngamasistimu endabuko asendaweni, umsebenzisi unesibopho sakho konke ukuphepha. Kukhompyutha yamafu, izibopho zokuphepha zabiwa phakathi komhlinzeki wesevisi yamafu (CSP) nomsebenzisi.
Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi i-CSP inesibopho sokuvikeleka "kwe" ifu (isb., amaseva aphathekayo, ingqalasizinda), umsebenzisi unesibopho sokuphepha "emafini" (isb, idatha, izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuphathwa kokufinyelela).
Lokhu kushintsha uhlaka lwe-NIST Framework, njengoba ludinga uhlelo olucabangela zombili izinhlangothi futhi luthembele ekuphathweni kokuphepha kwe-CSP kanye nesistimu kanye nekhono layo lokugcina ukuthobelana kwe-NIST.
Indawo Yedatha
Kuzinhlelo zendabuko zasendaweni, inhlangano inokulawula okuphelele lapho idatha yayo igcinwa khona. Ngokuphambene, idatha yamafu ingagcinwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele, okuholela ezimfuneko zokuthobelana ezisekelwe emithethweni naseziqondisweni zendawo. Izinhlangano kufanele zikucabangele lokhu uma zigcina ukuthobelana kwe-NIST emafini.
I-Scalability kanye ne-Elasticity
Izimo zamafu zenzelwe ukuthi zikhule kakhulu futhi zinwebeke. Imvelo eguquguqukayo yefu isho ukuthi izilawuli zokuphepha nezinqubomgomo zidinga ukuguquguquka futhi zizenzekele, okwenza ukuthobelana kwe-NIST emafini kube umsebenzi onzima kakhulu.
I-Multitenncy
Emafini, i-CSP ingase igcine idatha evela ezinhlanganweni eziningi (multitenancy) kuseva efanayo. Nakuba lokhu kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile kumaseva omphakathi wamafu, kwethula ubungozi obungeziwe nobunzima bokugcina ukuphepha nokuhambisana.
Amamodeli Wesevisi Yamafu
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezibopho zokuphepha kuyashintsha kuye ngohlobo lwemodeli yesevisi yefu esetshenziswayo - Ingqalasizinda Njengesevisi (i-IaaS), I-Platform njengesevisi (i-PaaS), noma i-Software as a Service (SaaS). Lokhu kuthinta indlela inhlangano esebenzisa ngayo Uhlaka.
Amasu Okuzuza Ukuthobelana kwe-NIST Emafini
Uma kubhekwa ukuhluka kwe-cloud computing, izinhlangano zidinga ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezithile ukuze zithole ukuthobelana kwe-NIST. Nalu uhlu lwamasu okusiza inhlangano yakho ifinyelele futhi igcine ukuthobelana ne-NIST Cybersecurity Framework:
1. Qonda Isibopho Sakho
Hlukanisa phakathi kwezibopho ze-CSP nezakho. Ngokuvamile, ama-CSP aphatha ukuphepha kwengqalasizinda yefu ngenkathi uphatha idatha yakho, ukufinyelela komsebenzisi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
2. Yenza Ukuhlola Ukuphepha Okuvamile
Hlola ukuphepha kwakho kwefu ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ubone amandla ukukhubazeka. Sebenzisa i- Amathuluzi okuhlinzekwa yi-CSP yakho futhi ucabangele ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku okuvela eceleni ukuze uthole umbono ongachemile.
3. Vikela Idatha Yakho
Sebenzisa amaphrothokholi okubethela aqinile ukuze uthole idatha lapho uphumule futhi usendleleni. Ukuphatha ukhiye okufanele kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Kufanele futhi setha i-VPN nama-firewall ukwandisa ukuvikelwa kwenethiwekhi yakho.
4. Ukusebenzisa Izinqubo Zokuhlonza Ubunikazi obuqinile kanye Nokuphathwa Kokufinyelela (IAM).
Amasistimu e-IAM, afana nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi (i-MFA), akuvumela ukuthi unikeze ukufinyelela ngokwesidingo sokwazi futhi uvimbele abasebenzisi abangagunyaziwe ukuthi bangene kwisofthiwe namadivayisi akho.
5. Ngokuqhubekayo Gada Ingozi Yakho Ye-Cybersecurity
Thola Ulwazi Lokuphepha Nokuphathwa Kwemicimbi (SIEM) izinhlelo kanye Nezinhlelo Zokubona Ukungenwa (IDS) zokuqapha okuqhubekayo. Lawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi uphendule ngokushesha kunoma yiziphi izexwayiso noma ukwephulwa kwemithetho.
6. Yakha Uhlelo Lwempendulo Yesigameko
Yakha uhlelo lokuphendula ngesigameko oluchazwe kahle futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ithimba lakho liyayazi inqubo. Phinda ubuyekeze futhi uhlole uhlelo ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwalo.
7. Yenza Ukucwaningwa Kwamabhuku Okuvamile kanye Nokubuyekeza
Ukuziphatha ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha okuvamile ngokumelene namazinga e-NIST futhi ulungise izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zakho ngokufanele. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha ezamanje futhi ziyasebenza.
8. Qeqesha Abasebenzi Bakho
Hlomisa ithimba lakho ngolwazi oludingekayo namakhono ezenzweni ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha kwamafu kanye nokubaluleka kokuthobela i-NIST.
9. Sebenzisana Ne-CSP Yakho Njalo
Xhumana njalo ne-CSP yakho mayelana nezinqubo zabo zokuphepha futhi ucabangele noma yikuphi ukunikezwa kokuvikela okwengeziwe okungenzeka babe nakho.
10. Bhala Wonke Amarekhodi Okuphepha Kwamafu
Gcina amarekhodi acophelelayo azo zonke izinqubomgomo eziphathelene nokuphepha kwefu, izinqubo, nezinqubo. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboniseni ukuthobela kwe-NIST phakathi nocwaningo.
Ukusebenzisa i-HailBytes ngokuhambisana ne-NIST emafini
Ngenkathi ukuthobelana ne-NIST Cybersecurity Framework kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuvikela nokuphatha ubungozi be-cybersecurity, ukufeza ukuthobelana kwe-NIST emafini kungaba nzima. Ngenhlanhla, akumele ubhekane nobunzima be-cloud cybersecurity kanye nokuthobela i-NIST uwedwa.
Njengochwepheshe kwingqalasizinda yokuphepha yamafu, I-HailBytes ilapha ukuze isize inhlangano yakho ifinyelele futhi igcine ukuthobelana kwe-NIST. Sihlinzeka ngamathuluzi, amasevisi, nokuqeqeshwa ukuze siqinise ukuma kwakho kwe-cybersecurity.
Umgomo wethu uwukwenza isofthiwe yokuphepha yomthombo ovulekile ibe lula ukusethwa futhi kube nzima ukungena. I-HailBytes inikeza uhlu lwe imikhiqizo ye-cybersecurity ku-AWS ukusiza inhlangano yakho ithuthukise ukuphepha kwayo kwamafu. Siphinde futhi sinikeze ngezinsiza zemfundo yamahhala ye-cybersecurity ukuze sikusize wena nethimba lakho nihlakulele ukuqonda okuqinile kwengqalasizinda yezokuphepha nokulawulwa kobungozi.
Umbhali
U-Zach Norton uchwepheshe wokumaketha wedijithali nombhali onguchwepheshe kwa-Pentest-Tools.com, onokuhlangenwe nakho kweminyaka embalwa kwezokuphepha ku-inthanethi, ukubhala, nokudala okuqukethwe.
